'វា​មាន​អារម្មណ៍​ថា​ដូចជា​ចាញ់​ច្រើន​ពេក។' យើងមានការវិនិយោគ $550K ហើយបានប្រាប់ទីប្រឹក្សារបស់យើងថាយើងចង់បាន 'វិធីសាស្រ្តអភិរក្ស'។ ចាប់​តាំង​ពី​ពេល​នោះ​មក យើង​បាន​បាត់​បង់ $88K។ ខ្ញុំ​ដឹង​ថា​ទីផ្សារ​អន់ ប៉ុន្តែ​តើ​យើង​គួរ​បណ្តេញ​គាត់​ចេញ​ទេ? 

សំណួរ: Two years ago my husband took an early retirement when offered by his company.  At that time we had a 401(k) with about $550,000 that we gave to a big financial services firm rep to handle. Since then we’ve lost $88,000 due to poor market conditions and decisions. We expressed our need for a conservative approach. A large portion is tied up in bonds and that amount feels like way too much to lose! 

What’s worse, the agent keeps telling us that our $4,750 per month draw is too much. Do we change agents within the company?  Jump ship and transfer everything to another company?  Do we have to live on less than we want to just to make up for the loss? (Looking for a financial adviser too? ឧបករណ៍នេះអាចជួយផ្គូផ្គងអ្នកជាមួយអ្នកប្រឹក្សាដែលអាចបំពេញតម្រូវការរបស់អ្នក។)

ចម្លើយ: There are a few questions to ask here: First, did your adviser do you wrong with those big losses; second, is your withdrawal rate reasonable; and third, what do you do about the adviser situation? 

Let’s start at the top: Is $88,000 of a $550,000 portfolio too much to lose, especially considering you asked for a conservative approach? According to these figures, you lost 16%, which is actually less than the U.S. stock market was down overall (as of the writing of this letter), but slightly higher than the overall bond market. Your adviser likely thought bonds would be a solid investment, as they’re notoriously safe, but aggressive interest rate hikes throughout last year made returns on bonds hit new historic lows.

មានបញ្ហាជាមួយអ្នកប្រឹក្សាហិរញ្ញវត្ថុរបស់អ្នក ឬកំពុងស្វែងរកអ្នកថ្មី? អ៊ីមែល [អ៊ីមែលការពារ].

Indeed, last year was a challenging year for both the stock and bond markets, with US stocks down almost 20% according to Fortune and bonds down around -13​% according to CNBC. “When it comes to investing, both in stocks and bonds, it should be expected that your portfolio will go up and down. Historically, it tends to go up much more than it goes down, but last year happened to be a year when it was down,” says certified financial planner Taylor Jessee at Impact Financial. (Looking for a financial adviser too? ឧបករណ៍នេះអាចជួយផ្គូផ្គងអ្នកជាមួយអ្នកប្រឹក្សាដែលអាចបំពេញតម្រូវការរបស់អ្នក។)

But another big issue here is your withdrawal rate — and on that your adviser has a point. “A $4,750 monthly withdrawal equals approximately a 10% withdrawal rate from your portfolio. The generally-accepted withdrawal rate in retirement is around 4%, meaning you’re withdrawing more than double what is generally considered a safe amount,” says Jessee. In fact, certified financial planner Jim Hemphill at TGS Advisors says this is “absurdly, unsustainably high, unless you both retired well into your 80s. We know that’s not the case since you took an early retirement.”

Think about it this way: With a 10% withdrawal rate, your portfolio needs to earn at least 10% for you to break even, otherwise you’re dipping into the principal. “Historically, the stock market returns about 9% per year but most retired couples’ portfolios are not 100% invested in stocks, meaning a retired couple usually shouldn’t expect to earn the stock market average. A diversified portfolio may earn around 5% to 6% on average, so if you’re withdrawing 10% per year from the portfolio, you can see how the math would start to work against you really quickly,” says Jessee.

Indeed, Hemphill says you have to live on less than you want because what you want is unrealistic. “Not because of market conditions, because returns don’t exist that will support a 10% plus distribution rate,” says Hemphill

For his part, certified financial planner Derieck Hodges at Anchor Pointe Wealth says longevity becomes a concern with the withdrawal you’re taking. “Decreasing your balance each year may not be a concern if you’re in your 70s or 80s, but it may imperil your future financial security if you’re younger. Evaluating your spending and withdrawal needs is wise,” says Hodges. What’s more, if you can reduce your distribution during this challenging investment market, it will likely bolster your financial security, according to Hodges. 

Going forward, you’ll want to evaluate your age, health, likely longevity and future spending needs. “How much investment risk can you tolerate? Lower risk tolerance investments produce lower investment returns. Can you accomplish your financial goals with those small returns? Don’t evaluate risk and return by only considering recent history, you need to take a longer view,” says Hodges. 

You should also review your mix of investments and evaluate the historical returns compared to an appropriate benchmark. “If you like a blend of 60% stocks and 40% bonds, don’t compare your investment results to the S&P 500, which is 100% stocks. Instead, use an index like the Morningstar US Moderate Target Allocation to evaluate under or over-performance,” says Hodges.

Most importantly, don’t panic or make rash decisions. “Deliberately keep evaluating your needs, goals and desires and remember that 2022 was painful for virtually every investor, even those owning quality, diversified investments,” says Hodges. 

Hemphill recommends getting objective advice from a credentialed adviser who will tell you information you won’t like hearing. “One or both of you may need to go back to work,” says Hemphill.

To search for credentialed advisers, visit the National Association of Personal Financial Advisors (NAPFA) or XY Planning Network, where you can use a tool to find planners with the CFP designation and certain specialties. 

មានបញ្ហាជាមួយអ្នកប្រឹក្សាហិរញ្ញវត្ថុរបស់អ្នក ឬកំពុងស្វែងរកអ្នកថ្មី? អ៊ីមែល [អ៊ីមែលការពារ].

សំណួរត្រូវបានកែសម្រួលសម្រាប់ភាពសង្ខេប និងច្បាស់លាស់។